Electrospray Thrusters For Spacecraft Propulsion

Electrospray Thrusters for Spacecraft Propulsion

• Author : Manuel Gamero-Castano
• Publisher : Elsevier
• File Size : 18,9 Mb
• Release Date : 2022-12-15
• Genre: Science
• Pages : 220
• ISBN 10 : 0128212209

Download Electrospray Thrusters for Spacecraft Propulsion Book in PDF and ePub

Spacecraft missions require a simple, high performing and highly reliable propulsion system to meet performance requirements. Unlike many other types of spacecraft thrusters, electrospray devices can be successful in a variety of propulsion applications. Due to their small size and flexible form factor, electrosprays are well-suited for primary propulsion, attitude control and formation flying. Electrospray Thrusters for Spacecraft Propulsion: Fundamentals and Technology covers the fundamentals and underlying physics of electrosprays and how they are used in controlling thruster performance. The book begins with a historical overview exploring how this technology has been rapidly growing with the emergence of small satellites and CubeSats. It covers a variety of topics such as electrospray plumes, interfacing with the spacecraft, dual propulsion, fluid feed systems, hybrid concepts, and future developments. This book is for aerospace and mechanical engineers, researchers, and advanced students taking electric propulsion courses. Provides a comprehensive understanding of the physical implementations, past failures, and current working implementations of electrosprays Discusses the origins of electrospray technology, the historical hurdles, and directions in which the technology is moving Features an up-to-date description of existing thruster/spacecraft interface and interaction with spacecraft

Microfabricated Electrospray Thrusters for a Modular Spacecraft Propulsion System

• Author : Simon Dandavino
• Publisher : Unknown
• File Size : 16,8 Mb
• Release Date : 2014
• Genre: Uncategoriezed
• Pages : 230
• ISBN 10 : OCLC:898253610

Download Microfabricated Electrospray Thrusters for a Modular Spacecraft Propulsion System Book in PDF and ePub

Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion

• Author : Dan M. Goebel
• Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
• File Size : 12,7 Mb
• Release Date : 2008-12-22
• Genre: Technology & Engineering
• Pages : 486
• ISBN 10 : 0470436263

Download Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion Book in PDF and ePub

Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. Now, the future has arrived. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and Hall thrusters. The authors provide an introduction to plasma physics in order to allow readers to understand the models and derivations used in determining electric thruster performance. They then go on to present detailed explanations of: Thruster principles Ion thruster plasma generators and accelerator grids Hollow cathodes Hall thrusters Ion and Hall thruster plumes Flight ion and Hall thrusters Based largely on research and development performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the aerospace industry. It also serves as an equally valuable resource for professional engineers already at work in the field.

Design of a Bimodal Chemical electrospray Propulsion System Using Ionic Liquid Monopropellants

• Author : Amelia R. Bruno
• Publisher : Unknown
• File Size : 7,5 Mb
• Release Date : 2021
• Genre: Uncategoriezed
• Pages : 75
• ISBN 10 : OCLC:1333434686

Download Design of a Bimodal Chemical electrospray Propulsion System Using Ionic Liquid Monopropellants Book in PDF and ePub

Two primary propulsion modes currently exist for spacecraft: chemical (e.g. monopropellant, cold gas, solid propellant) and electric (e.g. Hall thruster, ion engine, electrospray). Chemical propulsion typically offers high thrust and low specific impulse, while electric propulsion provides the inverse of low thrust and high specific impulse. As such, having access to both of these modes on the same spacecraft is extremely useful for a wide range of applications. The conventional propellants used by chemical and electric thrusters are highly incompatible, making this particularly difficult for small spacecraft, which lack the mass, power, and volume to accommodate two separate propulsion systems. However, recent advancements in green monopropellants - developed as less-toxic alternatives to hydrazine in chemical monopropellant thrusters - have created a new family of propellants that are also compatible with electric thrusters. In particular, hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) based green monopropellants are also ionic liquids, which is the standard propellant for electrospray thrusters. This thesis outlines a design that takes advantage of this to create a bimodal propulsion system with access to both chemical monopropellant and electrospray propulsion. The proposed system builds upon existing technology, commercially available green monopropellant thrusters and the MIT iEPS electrospray thrusters, connected to a single, shared monopropellant tank. The design primarily focuses on propellant conditioning for the electrospray thrusters. Key technical objectives of this design include 1) addressing the need for pressure conditioning of the propellant and 2) ensuring electrical isolation between the thrusters and propellant line during firing. A prototype propellant line was fabricated to test the system and proved that the design sufficiently addresses the technical objectives. This successfully validates the design and proves its feasibility for a bimodal spacecraft propu

Application of Ion Electrospray Propulsion to Lunar and Interplanetary Missions

• Author : Caleb Wade Whitlock
• Publisher : Unknown
• File Size : 9,6 Mb
• Release Date : 2014
• Genre: Uncategoriezed
• Pages : 123
• ISBN 10 : OCLC:891647224

Download Application of Ion Electrospray Propulsion to Lunar and Interplanetary Missions Book in PDF and ePub

High specific impulse electric propulsion systems enable ambitious lunar and interplanetary missions that return a wealth of scientific data. Many of these technologies are difficult to scale down, meaning the spacecraft are relatively massive and expensive. The Space Propulsion Lab (SPL) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is developing compact, high specific impulse ion electrospray thrusters which do not suffer from the same sizing limitations. The Ion Electrospray Propulsion System (iEPS) is tailored for small spacecraft and can perform high AV maneuvers. This enables a plethora of lunar and interplanetary missions using nanosatellites, which can lead to substantial cost reductions. The main objective of the research presented in this thesis is to develop a guidance and control (GC) architecture for small spacecraft using iEPS modules for main propulsion and attitude control actuation and to evaluate its performance through simulation. The Lunar Impactor mission serves as the primary case study, and the results offer valuable insight into the design of the propulsion system while validating the functionality of the GC algorithm. These methods are extended in a second case study focusing on exploration of a near-earth asteroid.

Space Micropropulsion for Nanosatellites

• Author : Kean How Cheah
• Publisher : Elsevier
• File Size : 20,8 Mb
• Release Date : 2022-03-30
• Genre: Science
• Pages : 328
• ISBN 10 : 9780128190388

Download Space Micropropulsion for Nanosatellites Book in PDF and ePub

Space Micropropulsion for Nanosatellites: Progress, Challenges and Future features the latest developments and progress, the challenges faced by different researchers, and insights on future micropropulsion systems. Nanosatellites, in particular cubesats, are an effective test bed for new technologies in outer space. However, most of the nanosatellites have no propulsion system, which subsequently limits their maneuverability in space. Explains why nanosatellite requirements need unique micro-technologies to help develop a compliant propulsion system Features an overview of nanosatellites and the global nanosatellite market Covers chemical and electric micropropulsion and the latest developments

Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering

• Author : Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla
• Publisher : Unknown
• File Size : 8,7 Mb
• Release Date : 2002-01
• Genre: Engineering mathematics
• Pages : 453
• ISBN 10 : 0131784536

Download Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering Book in PDF and ePub

CD-ROM includes: complete self-contained computer programs with source codes in Visual Basic, Excel-based Visual Basic, MATLAB, QUICKBASIC, FORTRAN, and C.

Nanosatellites

• Author : Rogerio Atem de Carvalho
• Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
• File Size : 10,6 Mb
• Release Date : 2020-03-16
• Genre: Technology & Engineering
• Pages : 712
• ISBN 10 : 9781119042051

Download Nanosatellites Book in PDF and ePub

Nanosatellites: Space and Ground Technologies, Operations and Economics Rogerio Atem de Carvalho, Instituto Federal Fluminense, Brazil Jaime Estela, Spectrum Aerospace Group, Germany and Peru Martin Langer, Technical University of Munich, Germany Covering the latest research on nanosatellites Nanosatellites: Space and Ground Technologies, Operations and Economics comprehensively presents the latest research on the fast-developing area of nanosatellites. Divided into three distinct sections, the book begins with a brief history of nanosatellites and introduces nanosatellites technologies and payloads, also explaining how these are deployed into space. The second section provides an overview of the ground segment and operations, and the third section focuses on the regulations, policies, economics, and future trends. Key features: Payloads for nanosatellites Nanosatellites components design Examines the cost of development of nanosatellites. Covers the latest policies and regulations. Considers future trends for nanosatellites. Nanosatellites: Space and Ground Technologies, Operations and Economics is a comprehensive reference for researchers and practitioners working with nanosatellites in the aerospace industry.

Development of Ionic Liquid Multi mode Spacecraft Micropropulsion Systems

• Author : Steven Paul Berg
• Publisher : Unknown
• File Size : 5,6 Mb
• Release Date : 2015
• Genre: Uncategoriezed
• Pages : 149
• ISBN 10 : OCLC:1041856230

Download Development of Ionic Liquid Multi mode Spacecraft Micropropulsion Systems Book in PDF and ePub

"This dissertation presents work on development of multi-mode specific spacecraft propulsion systems. Specifically, this work attempts to realize a single propellant capable of both chemical monopropellant and electric electrospray rocket propulsion, develop methods to characterize multi-mode propulsion system performance, and realize a system capable of both monopropellant and electrospray propulsion for a small spacecraft. Selection criteria for ionic liquid propellants capable of both monopropellant and electrospray propulsion are developed. These are based on desired physical properties and performance considering use in both propulsive modes. From these insights, a monopropellant mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate and hydroxylammonium nitrate is selected and synthesized. Multi-mode spacecraft micropropulsion systems which include a high-thrust chemical mode and high-specific impulse electric mode are assessed. Due to the combination of a common propellant for both propulsive modes, low inert mass, and high electric thrust, the monopropellant/electrospray system has the highest mission capability in terms of delta-V for missions lasting shorter than 150 days. The ionic liquid monopropellant mixture is tested for decomposition on heated platinum, rhenium, and titanium surfaces. It was found that the propellant decomposes at 165 °C on titanium, which is the decomposition temperature of HAN, and 85 °C on platinum. Arrhenius-type reaction rate parameters were calculated from the results and used to develop thruster models. The [Emim] [EtSO4]-HAN propellant mixture is tested in a capillary electrospray emitter and exhibits stable electrospray emission at a nominal extraction voltage of 3400 V. The highest specific impulse attained in these experiments was 412 seconds; however, this could be improved with a more robust feed system design. This data, along with data from the monopropellant decomposition experiment is used to design a multi-mode micr

Micro Newton Thruster Development

• Author : Franz Georg Hey
• Publisher : Springer
• File Size : 18,5 Mb
• Release Date : 2018-03-01
• Genre: Technology & Engineering
• Pages : 171
• ISBN 10 : 9783658212094

Download Micro Newton Thruster Development Book in PDF and ePub

Franz Georg Hey summarises the development and testing of a micro-Newton thrust balance, as well as the downscaling of a High Efficiency Multistage Plasma Thruster to micro-Newton thrust levels. The balance is tailored to fully characterise thruster candidates for the space based gravitational wave detector LISA. Thus, thrust noise measurements in sub-micro-Newton regime can be performed in the overall LISA bandwidth. The downscaled thruster can be operated down to serval tens of micro-Newton with a comparably high specific impulse. About the Author Franz Georg Hey works as mechanical, thermal, propulsion architect and technical lead of the micro‐Newton propulsion laboratory of Europe’s leading air and spacecraft manufacturer. The author is participating on major programmes for future satellite and electric propulsion development. The author’s research is performed in close collaboration with the Dresden University of Technology, the University of Bremen and the DLR Bremen.

Characterization on a Magnetically Levitated Testbed for Electrospray Propulsion Systems

• Author : Fernando Mier Hicks
• Publisher : Unknown
• File Size : 15,9 Mb
• Release Date : 2014
• Genre: Uncategoriezed
• Pages : 82
• ISBN 10 : OCLC:891568158

Download Characterization on a Magnetically Levitated Testbed for Electrospray Propulsion Systems Book in PDF and ePub

Small satellites are changing the space scene dramatically. By drastically reducing costs while still having impressive technological capabilities, their popularity among the space community is increasing at a very fast rate. Propulsion systems for these class of spacecraft are very limited. One promising technology is the ion Electrospray Propulsion System (iEPS) developed at the Space Propulsion Laboratory at MIT. Electrosprays accelerate ions present in the interface between an ionic liquid and vacuum using strong electric fields. Current thrust estimates for the iEPS modules land in the vicinity of tens of [mu]Newtons. Measuring the small thrust produced by the devices is challenging to say the least. This thesis presents the design and development of a Magnetically Levitated Thrust Balance (MLTB) for thrust estimation of the iEPS devices. The MLTB levitates an engineering model of a small satellite using magnetic fields inside a vacuum chamber. The zero friction environment is exploited to measure the minute thrust levels produced by the electrospray thrusters. Additional sensors and actuators that provide added functionality to the instrument are also explained. A fully stand-alone Power Processing Unit (PPU) capable of generating and delivering the high voltage signals needed to drive the thrusters is explained in detail. Test results of charging behavior and lifetime characterization of the emitted current are presented as a preliminary exploration of these processes.

Encyclopedia of Bohemian and Czech American Biography

• Author : Miloslav Rechcigl Jr.
• Publisher : AuthorHouse
• File Size : 5,5 Mb
• Release Date : 2016-11-10
• Genre: Reference
• Pages : 1188
• ISBN 10 : 9781524620691

Download Encyclopedia of Bohemian and Czech American Biography Book in PDF and ePub

As the Czech ambassador to the United States, H. E. Petr Gandalovic noted in his foreword to this book that Mla Rechcgl has written a monumental work representing a culmination of his life achievement as a historian of Czech America. The Encyclopedia of Bohemian and Czech American Biography is a unique and unparalleled publication. The enormity of this undertaking is reflected in the fact that it covers a universe, starting a few decades after the discovery of the New World, through the escapades and significant contributions of Bohemian Jesuits and Moravian brethren in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the mass migration of the Czechs after the revolutionary year of 1848, and up to the early years of the twentieth century and the influx of refugees from Nazism and communism. The encyclopedia has been planned as a representative, a comprehensive and authoritative reference tool, encompassing over 7,500 biographies. This prodigious and unparalleled encyclopedic vade mecum, reflecting enduring contributions of notable Americans with Czech roots, is not only an invaluable tool for all researchers and students of Czech American history but is also a carte blanche for the Czech Republic, which considers Czech Americans as their own and as a part of its magnificent cultural history.

American Men and Women in Medicine Applied Sciences and Engineering with Roots in Czechoslovakia

• Author : Miloslav Rechcigl Jr.
• Publisher : AuthorHouse
• File Size : 20,5 Mb
• Release Date : 2021-02-17
• Genre: Biography & Autobiography
• Pages : 870
• ISBN 10 : 9781665514972

Download American Men and Women in Medicine Applied Sciences and Engineering with Roots in Czechoslovakia Book in PDF and ePub

No comprehensive study has been undertaken about the American learned men and women with Czechoslovak roots. The aim of this work is to correct this glaring deficiency, with the focus on men and women in medicine, applied sciences and engineering. It covers immigration from the period of mass migration and beyond, irrespective whether they were born in their European ancestral homes or whether they have descended from them. This compendium clearly demonstrates the Czech and Slovak immigrants, including Bohemian Jews, have brought to the New World, in these areas, their talents, their ingenuity, the technical skills, their scientific knowhow, as well as their humanistic and spiritual upbringing, reflecting upon the richness of their culture and traditions, developed throughout centuries in their ancestral home. This accounts for their remarkable success and achievements of theses settlers in the New World, transcending through their descendants, as this publication demonstrates. The monograph has been organized into sections by subject areas, i.e., Medicine, Allied Health Sciences and Social Services, Agricultural and Food Science, Earth and Environmental Sciences and Engineering. Each individual entry is usually accompanied with literature, and additional biographical sources for readers who wish to pursue a deeper study. The selection of individuals has been strictly based on geographical vantage, without regards to their native language or ethnical background. Some of the entries may surprise you, because their Czech or Slovak ancestry has not been generally known. What is conspicuous is a large percentage of listed individuals being Jewish, which is a reflection of high-level of education and intellect of Bohemian Jews. A prodigious number of accomplished women in this study is also astounding, considering that, in the 19th century, they rarely had careers and most professions refused entry to them.

Electrospinning and Electrospraying

• Author : Sajjad Haider
• Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
• File Size : 6,5 Mb
• Release Date : 2019-12-11
• Genre: Science
• Pages : 122
• ISBN 10 : 9781789847000

Download Electrospinning and Electrospraying Book in PDF and ePub

This book focuses on the recent advancements in the process parameters, research, and applications of electrospinning and electrospraying. The first chapter introduces the techniques and the effect of the parameters on the morphology of the nanofiber and nanoparticles and then the subsequent chapters focus on the applications of these techniques in different areas. This book will attract a broad audience including postgraduate students and industrial and academic investigators in sciences and engineering who wish to enhance their understanding of the emerging technologies and use this book as reference.

Beyond the Sea of Beer

• Author : Miloslav Rechcigl Jr.
• Publisher : AuthorHouse
• File Size : 7,9 Mb
• Release Date : 2017-11-09
• Genre: Social Science
• Pages : 918
• ISBN 10 : 9781546202370

Download Beyond the Sea of Beer Book in PDF and ePub

This is a comprehensive history of immigrants from the historic lands of the Bohemian Crown and its successor states, including Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic, based on the painstaking lifetime research of the author. The reader will find lots of new information in this book that is not available elsewhere. The title of the book comes from a popular song of the famous Czech artistic duo, Voskovec and Werich, who described America in those words when they lived here, reflecting on their love for this country. It covers the period starting soon after the discovery of the New World to date. The emphasis is on the US, although Canada and Latin America are also covered. It covers the arrival and the settlement of the immigrants in various states and regions of America, their harsh beginnings, the establishment of their communities, and their organization. A separate section is devoted to the contributions of notable individuals in different areas of human endeavor, including Bohemians, Moravians, Bohemian Jews, and the Slovaks. These people excelled in just about every facet of human undertaking. Even though a total number of these immigrants were fewer than other ethnic groups, their accomplishments were phenomenal. Nothing like this has ever been published since the time Thomas Capek wrote his classic The Cechs (Bohemians) in America some one hundred years ago.